The conflict between appearance and reality is the theme of our story today. As we’ll see, what appears to be wisdom and repentance is not.
The events in 2 Samuel 14 occur three years after the events of chapter 13 end and 5 years after the rape of Tamar. 2Samuel 13:23 tells us Absalom murdered his brother Amnon two years after the rape. 2Samuel 13:38 tells us Absalom was in Geshur three years. The chapter contains 2 major scenes.
- 2 Samuel 14:1-22 — the scheming that secures Absalom’s return from exile.
- 2 Sameul 14:23-33 — the scheming that secures his return to David’s presence.
The key word is this chapter is “face”, though it is not always translated “face”. The English phrases translated “ in the King’s presence” is literally “see the king’s face”. The word occurs in verses 4, 7, 20, 22, 24, 28, 32, 33.
Review
Amnon, David’s oldest son and presumed heir to the throne, lusted after his half-sister, Tamar who was Absalom’s full sister. With the help of his crafty cousin Jonadab, he gets Tamar alone in his house where he rapes her and then tosses her out. Tamar publicly proclaims the wrong done to her. While both Absalom and David are angry David fails to act, so Absalom can do nothing.
Absalom waits two years. He then invites his brothers to a sheep shearing festival where his servants murder Amnon. The rest of David’s sons flee back the palace and Absalom goes into exile. Absalom, the son of a foreign princess, finds sanctuary with his grandfather the neighboring king.
1Now Joab the son of Zeruiah knew that the king’s heart went out to Absalom. 2And Joab sent to Tekoa and brought from there a wise woman and said to her, “Pretend to be a mourner and put on mourning garments. Do not anoint yourself with oil, but behave like a woman who has been mourning many days for the dead. 3Go to the king and speak thus to him.” So Joab put the words in her mouth. – 2 Samuel 14:1-3
For David to take military action against Absalom would provoke war with Geshur. As David’s top military general, Joab acts to reconcile father and son so that the nation may be spared another war. The irony is that while his actions avert war with Geshur, they ultimately lead to civil war when Absalom tries to take the throne.
Absalom returns
4When the woman of Tekoa came to the king, she fell on her face to the ground and paid homage and said, “Save me, O king.” 5And the king said to her, “What is your trouble?” She answered, “Alas, I am a widow; my husband is dead. 6And your servant had two sons, and they quarreled with one another in the field. There was no one to separate them, and one struck the other and killed him. 7 And now the whole clan has risen against your servant, and they say, ‘Give up the man who struck his brother, that we may put him to death for the life of his brother whom he killed.’ And so they would destroy the heir also. Thus they would quench my coal that is left and leave to my husband neither name nor remnant on the face of the earth.” 8Then the king said to the woman, “Go to your house, and I will give orders concerning you.” – 2 Samuel 14:4-8
- The legal facts of the case necessitate that the king must rule between two conflicting principles in Israelite justice. The first is the right of the family clan to exact justice or blood revenge; the second is the survival of the house of a father. Which principle will win out, justice or mercy?
- David promises to issue a decree of protection, but the wise woman of Tekoa is not satisfied. David’s promise is too vague.
9And the woman of Tekoa said to the king, “On me be the guilt, my lord the king, and on my father’s house; let the king and his throne be guiltless.” 10 The king said, “If anyone says anything to you, bring him to me, and he shall never touch you again.” 11Then she said, “Please let the king invoke the LORD your God, that the avenger of blood kill no more, and my son be not destroyed.” He said, “As the LORD lives, not one hair of your son shall fall to the ground.”- 2 Samuel 14:9-11
- In vs 9-10 she presses him for something more concrete. The king promises to personally intervene if anyone threatens her life. Still she is not satisfied and she presses him further.
- In vs 11 she presses the king to take an oath, to invoke the name of the Lord in to prevent revenge against her remaining son. The king gives her his vow and now she has him in her trap.
- Now that she has moved him to her side of the argument, she brings up the issue of Absalom.
12Then the woman said, “Please let your servant speak a word to my lord the king.” He said, “Speak.” 13And the woman said, “Why then have you planned such a thing against the people of God? For in giving this decision the king convicts himself, inasmuch as the king does not bring his banished one home again. 14We must all die; we are like water spilled on the ground, which cannot be gathered up again. But God will not take away life, and he devises means so that the banished one will not remain an outcast. 15Now I have come to say this to my lord the king because the people have made me afraid, and your servant thought, ‘I will speak to the king; it may be that the king will perform the request of his servant. 16For the king will hear and deliver his servant from the hand of the man who would destroy me and my son together from the heritage of God.’ 17And your servant thought, ‘The word of my lord the king will set me at rest,’ for my lord the king is like the angel of God to discern good and evil. The LORD your God be with you!” – 2 Samuel 14:12-17
- Essentially, she’s saying doesn’t God himself grant mercy over justice? Remember the story of Cain and Abel? Doesn’t the Lord God take any initiative to bring a banished one home?
- At this point David realizes that Joab is behind the matter.
18Then the king answered the woman, “Do not hide from me anything I ask you.” And the woman said, “Let my lord the king speak.” 19The king said, “Is the hand of Joab with you in all this?” The woman answered and said, “As surely as you live, my lord the king, one cannot turn to the right hand or to the left from anything that my lord the king has said. It was your servant Joab who commanded me; it was he who put all these words in the mouth of your servant. 20In order to change the course of things your servant Joab did this. But my lord has wisdom like the wisdom of the angel of God to know all things that are on the earth.” 21Then the king said to Joab, “Behold now, I grant this; go, bring back the young man Absalom.” 22And Joab fell on his face to the ground and paid homage and blessed the king. And Joab said, “Today your servant knows that I have found favor in your sight, my lord the king, in that the king has granted the request of his servant.” 23So Joab arose and went to Geshur and brought Absalom to Jerusalem. – 2 Samuel 14:18-23
- Is her wisdom really wisdom? The cases are not parallel.
- The widow’s sons acted on the spur of the moment in passion. Absalom’s actions were premeditated murder and revenge.
- From Absalom’s perspective, his planned worked beautifully. He secured revenge for his sister and removed the brother that stood between him and the throne.
- The reconciliation appears to have been a great success, but just like the woman’s wisdom was not really wisdom, this reconciliation is not really reconciliation.
24And the king said, “Let him dwell apart in his own house; he is not to come into my presence.” So Absalom lived apart in his own house and did not come into the king’s presence. 25Now in all Israel there was no one so much to be praised for his handsome appearance as Absalom. From the sole of his foot to the crown of his head there was no blemish in him. 26And when he cut the hair of his head (for at the end of every year he used to cut it; when it was heavy on him, he cut it), he weighed the hair of his head, two hundred shekels by the king’s weight. 27There were born to Absalom three sons, and one daughter whose name was Tamar. She was a beautiful woman. 28So Absalom lived two full years in Jerusalem, without coming into the king’s presence. – 2 Samuel 14:24-28
- He spends two more years in this state of being home but not reconciled.
- On the outside Absalom appears the handsome, young virile king, but he is not God’s chosen one.
- While David will not look upon Absalom, everyone else in the kingdom admires his physical attraction.
- The story is subtly raising the question: What kind of king do we need? The young, gorgeous Hollywood-type hunk or the decrepit, wrinkly king who follows God’s heart?
Absalom “reconciles” with David
29Then Absalom sent for Joab, to send him to the king, but Joab would not come to him. And he sent a second time, but Joab would not come. 30Then he said to his servants, “See, Joab’s field is next to mine, and he has barley there; go and set it on fire.” So Absalom’s servants set the field on fire. 31Then Joab arose and went to Absalom at his house and said to him, “Why have your servants set my field on fire?” 32Absalom answered Joab, “Behold, I sent word to you, ‘Come here, that I may send you to the king, to ask, “Why have I come from Geshur? It would be better for me to be there still.” Now therefore let me go into the presence of the king, and if there is guilt in me, let him put me to death.'” 33Then Joab went to the king and told him, and he summoned Absalom. So he came to the king and bowed himself on his face to the ground before the king, and the king kissed Absalom. – 2 Samuel 14:29-23
- Absalom takes a calculated risk. He says if there is iniquity in me let the king put me to death. He says, basically receive me or execute me. After all this time, he can reasonably expect that David will not execute him.
Appearance vs. Reality
- The wisdom of a parable from the woman of Tekoa is not really wisdom.
- The young, physically perfect king is not the right king.
- The return from exile is not really restoration.
- The reunion of father and son s not really a reunion. Notice in vs 32-33 David is referred to 6 times as “the king” and 0 times as “father.”
- Compare this return to the return of the Prodigal Son in Luke 15.
- True reconciliation requires more than removing the external legal consequences.
- Repentance is recognizing your own unworthiness and accepting grace.
For more detail and explanation, please listen to the podcast.
Next: 16 2Samuel 15 Absalom’s Conspiracy
Previous: 14 2Samuel 13 The rape o
Also: 2Samuel: David as King
Scripture quotes are from the English Standard Version of the Bible.
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